ASP.NET Web PDF Document Viewer/Editor Control Library

ne of the most important use cases for C++/CLI is the extension of existing projects with managed features. Even if you do not plan to rewrite your complete project purely with managed code, chances are good that your application will need to call managed libraries like the .NET Framework 3.0 APIs Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF), Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), Windows Workflow Foundation (WF), and Windows CardSpace (WCS). The interoperability features of C++/CLI can provide a perfect solution to this requirement, because you can mix managed and native code into a single assembly, and you can define precisely when a transition from managed code to unmanaged code and vice versa is done. This chapter first discusses important aspects that you have to consider before you start using C++/CLI to migrate an existing project to .NET. After that, it provides a set of step-bystep instructions for reconfiguring a Visual C++ 2005 project so that you can extend it with managed code. Finally, it gives you recommendations for writing source code that should be compiled to managed code.

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The V$SYS_TIME_MODEL view shows the system-wide accumulated times for various database operations. The DB time column in this view shows the amount of elapsed time (in microseconds) spent performing database user-level calls. A query such as the following on this view helps determine which type of operations are taking up most of the time: SQL> SELECT * FROM V$SYS_TIME_MODEL; STAT_ID STAT_NAME VALUE ------------------------------------------------------3649082374 DB time 1.6792E+13 2748282437 DB CPU 7.2597E+12 4157170894 background elapsed time 4.6456E+11 . . . SQL>

while : do for pline in $kill_plist do process=`echo $pline | cut -d: -f1` process="`echo $process | sed -e \"s/%20/ /g\"`" type=`echo $pline | cut -d: -f2` value=`echo $pline | awk -F: '{print $3}'` errval=`echo $pline | awk -F: '{print $4}'` killoption=`echo $pline | awk -F: '{print $5}'`

The V$SESS_TIME_MODEL view is similar to the V$SYS_TIME_MODEL view, but applies to session-level displays of the session-accumulated time for various operations.

The V$SESSION_WAIT_CLASS view shows the time spent in various wait event operations on a persession basis, as shown here: SQL> SELECT wait_class,total_waits,time_waited 2* FROM V$SESSION_WAIT_CLASS; WAIT_CLASS TOTAL_WAITS TIME_WAITED ----------------------------------------------------------------Other 3 501 Idle 130 48162 Configuration 30 4 Concurrency 18 15 SQL>

The V$SERVICE_WAIT_CLASS view shows you the total number of waits and the total time waited for each wait statistic. The V$SYSTEM_WAIT_CLASS view shows instance time totals for each registered wait class. The session-based V$SESSION_WAIT_CLASS view is described in the previous section.

The V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view shows recent session activity, as captured by the Active Session History feature. The view contains one row for each active session per sample. You see the latest sample data first.

The process variable is assigned the first field in the configuration record (pline). It is possible that the process command name you re monitoring will consist of more than one word, separated by spaces. Such spaces are replaced (here using the sed command) with %20, which is a commonly used substitute for the space character, as in URL encoding, for example. The type variable is the second field in the configuration record. As mentioned, it specifies the performance indicator to watch: cputime (amount of CPU time consumed), etime (elapsed time or age of process), pcpu (current percentage of the CPU consumed), or vsize (virtual-memory size). The value variable holds the lower warning threshold for the monitored value, taken from the third field. The errval variable is assigned the value of the upper error threshold for the monitored value, taken from the fourth field. The killoption variable is assigned the final field of the configuration record and specifies an action to perform when the process deviates from the normal range. If the kill option was not specified initially, we set it to be the default kill option. This makes sure no processes are killed unless one of the options for doing so is explicitly used.

Before you start modifying project settings and adding code, it is necessary to consider what C++/CLI interoperability means for your project, especially for the execution and deployment of your assemblies. Chances are good that the issues I address here are solvable for your concrete project. Nevertheless, to avoid bad surprises, you should know about potential problems before you start migrating a project. In 1, I mentioned that Visual C++ provides three compilation models for C++/CLI, which can be chosen with the compiler switches /clr, /clr:pure, and /clr:safe. As soon as you use any of these command-line options (or their equivalent Visual Studio project settings), your code requires that a .NET runtime is installed on the target machines. Precisely spoken, such a .NET runtime is an implementation of the CLI. As mentioned in 1, the most important CLI implementation is the CLR.